Nosemosis
Disinfection of all hive structures and cleaning beekeeper´s equipment against nosemosis
Biosecurity Measures
Infographic, Video
© Aránzazu Meana
Nosema spores persist for years in combs, frames, and tools, demanding strict disinfection. Use dry heat for frames, soap/ ammonia or bleach for utensils, and freezing (best for N. ceranae). Wash gear between apiaries, clean hive entrances, avoid sharing equipment, and renew 33% of brood combs annually.